Thursday, January 25, 2018

Long Vowel o




Long vowels a, e, i, o, and u are the second set of vowels taught to kids, after they master the short vowels a, e, i, o, and u. The sound of the long vowel is the same as the way we pronounce the name of the vowel. Here, we will be talking about the long o sound /ō/, made by several vowel combinations.

Differences between short and long vowels: 

It is quite useful here to teach students the differences between short and long vowels.
Short vowel sounds are mainly seen in c-v-c words. In these words, the vowel is a syllable followed by a consonant. These sounds are also seen in v-c type of words as in an, at, where again the vowel is followed by a consonant. The vowel in the syllable in these words is a closed syllable as it is followed by the consonant. Such vowel makes the short vowel sound. Therefore, short vowels are a result of closed syllables. Examples include fat, met, bid, bog, and cut (Short vowels a, e, i, o and u respectively)

On the other hand, long vowel o sound is often found in open syllables as in the words, Examples: go, oval, no, open and so, etc.
S No.
Short Vowels
Long Vowels
1.
Make the short sounds represented by /ă/, /ĕ/, /ĭ/, /ŏ/, and /ŭ/.
Say their own name represented by /ā/, /ē/, /ī/, /ō/, and /ū/.
2.
Found in closed syllables.
Found in open syllables.

Pronunciation of Long vowel o:
The long vowel o is a two-sounded vowel.
Firstly, begin with the tongue which should be pushed slightly backward till the middle of the mouth,  so as to touch the bottom of teeth.
Secondly, as you continue, the jaw rises slightly, the lips close to form a round circle shape and the tongue rises slightly in the mouth and then just touches the side of the teeth.
It ends with a slight sound of the consonant w, /w/.

Vowel teams such as o-e, oe, and oa make the long o sound. 
Rule to follow: “Sound of the first vowel is dominant saying its own name and the second vowel is silent.”
Vowel teams that make the long o sound are:
o-e as in the word cone
oe as in the word toe
oa as in the word goat

Other vowel combinations (ow, ough) and vowel (o) that make the long o sound are:
ow as in the word crow,
ough as in the word dough,
o as in the word go.
 

Word list (o-e) words:
Words made by the vowel combination o-e are:
bone, cone, lone, zone, home, dome, note, vote, rose, dose, hose, nose, poke, hole, whole, phone, slope, smoke, stove, stone, drone.
Phonetic decoding of o-e words:
1.     bone: /b/+/ō/+/n/
2.     cone: /c/+/ō/+/n/
3.     lone: /l/+/ō/+/n/
4.     zone: /z/+/ō/+/n/
5.     home: /h/+/ō/+/m/
6.     dome: /d/+/ō/+/m/
7.     note: /n/+/ō/+/t/
8.     vote: /v/+/ō/+/t/
9.     nose: /n/+/ō/+/z/
10.  rose: /r/+/ō/+/z/
11.  hose: /h/+/ō/+/z/
12.  dose: /d/+/ō/+/z/
13.  poke: /p/+/ō/+/k/
14.  hole: /h/+/ō/+/l/
15.  whole: /h/+/ō/+/l/
16.  stove: /st/+/ō/+/v/
17.  smoke: : /sm/+/ō/+/k/
18.  stone: /st/+/ō/+/n/
19.  phone: /f/+/ō/+/n/
20.  slope: /sl/+/ō/+/p/
21.  drone: /dr/+/ō/+/n/


While teaching these words it is important to note that the “letter e” that comes at the end is silent. It makes the vowel in the middle to say its own name or become long.

Word list (oe) words:
Words made by the vowel combination oe are:
toe, doe, hoe, foe, Joe, woe, aloe
Phonetic decoding of oe words:
1.     toe: /t/+/ō/
2.     hoe: /h/+/ō/
3.     foe: /f/+/ō/
4.     doe: /d/+/ō/
5.     Joe: /j/+/ō/
6.     woe: /w/+/ō/
7.     aloe: The Schwa+/l/+/ō/

Word list (oa) words:
Words made by the vowel combination oa are:
goat, boat, goal, coat, foal, road, soap, coal, foam, loaf, toast, coach, coast, throat. 
Phonetic decoding of oa words:
1.     goat: /g/+/ō/+/t/
2.     boat: /b/+/ō/+/t/
3.     goal: /g/+/ō/+/l/
4.     coat: /c/+/ō/+/t/
5.     coal: /k/+/ō/+/l/
6.     foal: /f/+/ō/+/l/
7.     road: /r/+/ō/+/d/
8.     soap: /s/+/ō/+/p/
9.     foam: /f/+/ō/+/m/
10.  loaf: /l/+/ō/+/f/
11.  toast: /t/+/ō/+/st/
12.  coast: /k/+/ō/+/st/
13.  coach: /k/+/ō/+/ch/
14.  throat: /thr/+/ō/+/t/
Word list (o) words:
Words made by the vowel combination o are:
go, so, no, hotel, focus, hello, tomato, potato, piano, zero, hero, fiasco. 
Phonetic decoding of o words:
1.     go: /g/+/ō/
2.     so: /s/+/ō/
3.     no: /n/+/ō/
4.     hotel: /h/+/ō/+/t/+The Schwa+/l/
5.     focus: /f/+/ō/+/k/+The Schwa+/s/
6.     hello: /h/+short e+/l/+/ō/
7.     tomato: /t/+The Schwa+/m/+long a+/t/+/ō/
8.     potato: /p/+The Schwa+/t/+long a+/t/+/ō/
9.     zero: /z/+long e+/r/+/ō/
10.  hero: /h/+long e+/r/+/ō/
11.  fiasco: /f/+/ia/ diphthong+/s/+/k/+/ō/

Word list (ow) words:
Words made by the vowel combination ow are:
bow, row, sow, mow, low, flow, blow, glow, grow, show, snow, slow, throw, mown, known.
Phonetic decoding of ow words:
1.     bow: /b/+/ō/
2.     sow: /s/+/ō/
3.     mow: /m/+/ō/
4.     low: /l/+/ō/
5.     row: /r/+/ō/
6.     flow: /fl/+/ō/
7.     blow: /bl/+/ō/
8.     glow: /gl/+/ō/
9.     grow: /gr/+/ō/
10.  show: /sh/+/ō/
11.  snow: /sn/+/ō/
12.  slow: /sl/+/ō/
13.  throw: /thr/+/ō/
14.  mown: /m/+/ō/+/n/
15.  known: /n/+/ō/+/n/

Word list (ou and ough) words:
Words made by the vowel combination ou and ough are:
soul, boulder, shoulder, poultry, poultice, dough, though, although.
Phonetic decoding of ou and ough words:
1.     soul: /s/+/ō/+/l/
2.     shoulder: /sh/+/ō/+/l/+/d/+/The Schwa+r/
3.     boulder: /b/+/ō/+/l/+/d/+/The Schwa+r/
4.     poultry: /p/+/ō/+/l/+/t/+/r/+y as long e 
5.     poultice: /p/+/ō/+/l/+/t/+/i/+/s/
6.     dough: /d/+/ō/
7.     though: /th/+/ō/
8.     although: /all/+/th/+/ō/