When a child hears the phonic sounds that the
letters and the combinations of letters make (also known as phonograms),
it helps in the development of child’s English language skills by allowing the
child to link the sounds with each other to form words.
Listening, Speaking and
Reading in English involves the use of sounds. By connecting the phonemes
together kids learn to form new words. Also, they can segment (The
process of breaking down or stretching a word into its individual phonic sounds
also called as phonemes) a word into individual phonemes or blend (The
skill of joining the sounds to form new words) and learn the skill of phonetic
decoding. This is a key skill to develop to become fluent in reading. As children
start to connect sounds to form new words, this skill helps them to form
advanced and more difficult words thereby increasing their Lexile
measures.
Lexile Measures are measures to match a child's reading level to the type of book
he or she can read. The concept of Lexile Measures is widely used in
schools today to measure a child's reading skills, by assigning a score through
the Lexile scale. The score helps the teachers and parents to select
appropriate books suitable for the child's reading level. Reading different
books at different levels helps the child to become fluent in English
dramatically. Scholastic’s “I can read” books and Dr, Seuss books are very
popular among elementary school students. There are a lot of other books
that are equally great, which you can research on the interment or find them in
the library.
Consonants
1.
B=/b/ as in bat, ball, but, bet, bit, bun, broom, brown, blue,
blunt
2.
C=/k/ as in cat, car, cartoon, cape, can, clown, crow (Hard sound)
/s/ as in city, ace, cycle, cylinder,
cyclone (Soft sound)
Rule:
The letter c makes both the hard and soft
sounds. It usually, makes the soft sound when c is followed by e, i or y
Example:
·
ace (In the word ace, c is
followed by e),
·
city (In the word city c is followed by i),
·
cycle (In the word cycle, c is followed by y)
Rule:
When c comes before the vowels a, o or u, the
letter c usually makes the /k/ sound
Example:
·
cab (In the word cab, c comes before the vowel a),
·
cob (In the word cob, c comes before the vowel o),
·
cut (In the word cut, c comes before the vowel u),
3.
D=/d/ as in dog, drum, dance, doll, dust, drama, door, drool
4.
F=/f/ as in fan, fun, fat, fit, fog, fin, father, fast, frame,
flame
5.
G=/g/ as in goat, gun, give, gut, gum, got, glue, grow (Hard sound)
/j/ as in giraffe, ginger, gypsy, fudge,
smudge, wage (Soft sound)
Rule: The letter g makes both hard and soft sounds. It usually,
makes the soft sound when c is followed by e, i or y
Example:
·
gem (In the word gem, g is followed by an e),
·
ginger (In the word ginger g
is followed by i),
·
gypsy (In the word gypsy, g is followed by y)
6.
H=/h/ as in hat, hut, hit, hot, hate, hurt, hunt, hole, high,
height
7.
J=/j/ as in jug, Jim, June, jelly, January, jog, jig, joker
8.
K=/k/ as in kite, kitten, kangaroo, kit, keep, kale, keen
9.
L=/l/ as in lion, let, lad, leg. lot, lag, letter, late, light
10.
M=/m/ as in mat, mop, mum, met, med, mug, mad, mud
11.
N=/n/ as in net, nut, nip, nun, noon, night, no
12.
P=/p/ as in pat, pet, pit, put, pot, pant, pale, pail, pig, pin,
parrot
13.
Q=/kw/ as in queen, quilt (Q is always followed by an “u”)
14.
R=/r/ as in rat, rut, rip, rot, rake, room, rubber, rise, rose
15.
S=/s/ as in sat, sit, set, sip, sad, sun, summer, sag, sod, soul
/z/ as in rose, hose, nose
/sh/ as in sugar
16.
T=/t/ as in tap, tip, tin, top, tad, tan, tug, tool, tiger, trunk
17.
V=/v/ as in vet, violin, vase, victory, vane, van
18.
W=/w/ as in wet, wit, wag, wig, win, won, war, wear, water, what,
why
19.
X=/ks/ as in x-mas tree
/z/ as in xerox
20.
Y=/y/ as in yak, yellow, yam, year
Long i represented as /ī/,
as in sky, by, fly, cry, dry
Long e represented as /ē/,
as in gypsy, easy
Short i represented as /ĭ/,
as in gypsy
21.
Z=/z/ as in zebra, zoo
Vowels
Unlike some other languages, in English, the
vowels make more than one sounds. They usually, make the short sounds and the
long sounds. Always, the short sounds are taught before teaching the kids about
the long sounds.
1.
A
a.
Short a sound
represented as /ă/, as in the words bat,
can, cap
b.
Long a sound represented
as /ā/, as in the words, cane,
cape
c.
/ah/ as in father,
rather
2.
E
a.
Short e sound
represented as /ĕ/, as in the words,
elephant, egg, beg, nest, fest, let
b.
Long e sound represented
as /ē/, as in the words, eagle, bee, sea
3.
I
a.
Short i sound
represented as /ĭ/, sound as in pig, pin,
dim, rim, fin, kin, lip, zip
b.
Long i sound represented
as /ī/, as in pine, fine, wine,
spine, kind, while
4.
O
a.
Short o sound
represented as /ŏ/, in con, cob, sob, cod,
rod, cot, not, dot
b.
Long o sound represented
as /ō/,
in cone, zone, bone, phone, clone
5.
U
a.
Short u sound
represented as /ŭ/, in cub, bug, hut, nut,
cup, pup, bus
b.
Long u sound represented
as /ū/,
in cube, flume, plume, tube, use
We have free audio and
clickable letters wherein kids can hear the sounds that each letter makes (21
consonants and 5 vowels). Below we have made a table in which you can hear the
sounds of each letter (consonants and vowels) in a systematic way.
Click on each letter below to
hear its sounds.
When a child hears the phonic sounds that the
letters and the combinations of letters make (also known as phonograms),
it helps in the development of child’s English language skills by allowing the
child to link the sounds with each other to form words.
Listening, Speaking and
Reading in English involves the use of sounds. By connecting the phonemes
together kids learn to form new words. Also, they can segment (The
process of breaking down or stretching a word into its individual phonic sounds
also called as phonemes) a word into individual phonemes or blend (The
skill of joining the sounds to form new words) and learn the skill of phonetic
decoding. This is a key skill to develop to become fluent in reading. As children
start to connect sounds to form new words, this skill helps them to form
advanced and more difficult words thereby increasing their Lexile
measures.
Lexile Measures are measures to match a child's reading level to the type of book
he or she can read. The concept of Lexile Measures is widely used in
schools today to measure a child's reading skills, by assigning a score through
the Lexile scale. The score helps the teachers and parents to select
appropriate books suitable for the child's reading level. Reading different
books at different levels helps the child to become fluent in English
dramatically. Scholastic’s “I can read” books and Dr, Seuss books are very
popular among elementary school students. There are a lot of other books
that are equally great, which you can research on the interment or find them in
the library.
Consonants
1.
B=/b/ as in bat, ball, but, bet, bit, bun, broom, brown, blue,
blunt
2.
C=/k/ as in cat, car, cartoon, cape, can, clown, crow (Hard sound)
/s/ as in city, ace, cycle, cylinder,
cyclone (Soft sound)
Rule:
The letter c makes both the hard and soft
sounds. It usually, makes the soft sound when c is followed by e, i or y
Example:
·
ace (In the word ace, c is
followed by e),
·
city (In the word city c is followed by i),
·
cycle (In the word cycle, c is followed by y)
Rule:
When c comes before the vowels a, o or u, the
letter c usually makes the /k/ sound
Example:
·
cab (In the word cab, c comes before the vowel a),
·
cob (In the word cob, c comes before the vowel o),
·
cut (In the word cut, c comes before the vowel u),
3.
D=/d/ as in dog, drum, dance, doll, dust, drama, door, drool
4.
F=/f/ as in fan, fun, fat, fit, fog, fin, father, fast, frame,
flame
5.
G=/g/ as in goat, gun, give, gut, gum, got, glue, grow (Hard sound)
/j/ as in giraffe, ginger, gypsy, fudge,
smudge, wage (Soft sound)
Rule: The letter g makes both hard and soft sounds. It usually,
makes the soft sound when c is followed by e, i or y
Example:
·
gem (In the word gem, g is followed by an e),
·
ginger (In the word ginger g
is followed by i),
·
gypsy (In the word gypsy, g is followed by y)
6.
H=/h/ as in hat, hut, hit, hot, hate, hurt, hunt, hole, high,
height
7.
J=/j/ as in jug, Jim, June, jelly, January, jog, jig, joker
8.
K=/k/ as in kite, kitten, kangaroo, kit, keep, kale, keen
9.
L=/l/ as in lion, let, lad, leg. lot, lag, letter, late, light
10.
M=/m/ as in mat, mop, mum, met, med, mug, mad, mud
11.
N=/n/ as in net, nut, nip, nun, noon, night, no
12.
P=/p/ as in pat, pet, pit, put, pot, pant, pale, pail, pig, pin,
parrot
13.
Q=/kw/ as in queen, quilt (Q is always followed by an “u”)
14.
R=/r/ as in rat, rut, rip, rot, rake, room, rubber, rise, rose
15.
S=/s/ as in sat, sit, set, sip, sad, sun, summer, sag, sod, soul
/z/ as in rose, hose, nose
/sh/ as in sugar
16.
T=/t/ as in tap, tip, tin, top, tad, tan, tug, tool, tiger, trunk
17.
V=/v/ as in vet, violin, vase, victory, vane, van
18.
W=/w/ as in wet, wit, wag, wig, win, won, war, wear, water, what,
why
19.
X=/ks/ as in x-mas tree
/z/ as in xerox
20.
Y=/y/ as in yak, yellow, yam, year
Long i represented as /ī/,
as in sky, by, fly, cry, dry
Long e represented as /ē/,
as in gypsy, easy
Short i represented as /ĭ/,
as in gypsy
21.
Z=/z/ as in zebra, zoo
Vowels
Unlike some other languages, in English, the
vowels make more than one sounds. They usually, make the short sounds and the
long sounds. Always, the short sounds are taught before teaching the kids about
the long sounds.
1.
A
a.
Short a sound
represented as /ă/, as in the words bat,
can, cap
b.
Long a sound represented
as /ā/, as in the words, cane,
cape
c.
/ah/ as in father,
rather
2.
E
a.
Short e sound
represented as /ĕ/, as in the words,
elephant, egg, beg, nest, fest, let
b.
Long e sound represented
as /ē/, as in the words, eagle, bee, sea
3.
I
a.
Short i sound
represented as /ĭ/, sound as in pig, pin,
dim, rim, fin, kin, lip, zip
b.
Long i sound represented
as /ī/, as in pine, fine, wine,
spine, kind, while
4.
O
a.
Short o sound
represented as /ŏ/, in con, cob, sob, cod,
rod, cot, not, dot
b.
Long o sound represented
as /ō/,
in cone, zone, bone, phone, clone
5.
U
a.
Short u sound
represented as /ŭ/, in cub, bug, hut, nut,
cup, pup, bus
b.
Long u sound represented
as /ū/,
in cube, flume, plume, tube, use
We have free audio and
clickable letters wherein kids can hear the sounds that each letter makes (21
consonants and 5 vowels). Below we have made a table in which you can hear the
sounds of each letter (consonants and vowels) in a systematic way.
Click on each letter below to
hear its sounds.
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